In the same year he was also awarded an Honorary Degree (Doctor of Science) by the University of Bath. In 1994, Penrose was knighted for services to science. From 1992 to 1995 he served as President of the International Society on General Relativity and Gravitation. In 1991, he was awarded the Naylor Prize of the London Mathematical Society. In 1990 Penrose was awarded the Albert Einstein Medal for outstanding work related to the work of Albert Einstein by the Albert Einstein Society. In 1989 he was awarded the Dirac Medal and Prize of the British Institute of Physics. Along with Stephen Hawking, he was awarded the prestigious Wolf Foundation Prize for Physics in 1988. In 1985, he was awarded the Royal Society Royal Medal. Stephen Hawking and Penrose were jointly awarded the Eddington Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London. Penrose has been awarded many prizes for his contributions to science. He is also a member of the Astronomical Review Editorial Board. Penrose is the Francis and Helen Pentz Distinguished (visiting) Professor of Physics and Mathematics at Pennsylvania State University. He was influential in popularizing what are commonly known as Penrose diagrams (causal diagrams). Another noteworthy contribution is his invention of spin networks, which later came to form the geometry of spacetime in loop quantum gravity. In 1984, such patterns were observed in the arrangement of atoms in quasicrystals. Penrose is well known for his 1974 discovery of Penrose tilings, which are formed from two tiles that can only tile the plane nonperiodically, and are the first tilings to exhibit fivefold rotational symmetry. This work was extended by Hawking to prove the Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems. In 1965, at Cambridge, Penrose proved that singularities (such as black holes) could be formed from the gravitational collapse of immense, dying stars. Escher's Waterfall, and Ascending and Descending were in turn inspired by Penrose. Escher, whose earlier depictions of impossible objects partly inspired it. He devised and popularized the Penrose triangle in the 1950s, describing it as 'impossibility in its purest form' and exchanged material with the artist M. Penrose earned his PhD at Cambridge (St John's College), writing a thesis on 'tensor methods in algebraic geometry' under algebraist and geometer John A. Penrose attended University College School and University College, London, where he graduated with a first class degree in mathematics. He has received a number of prizes and awards, including the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics for 'the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity.' He also received the 1988 Wolf Prize for physics, which he shared with Stephen Hawking for their contribution to our understanding of the universe. Penrose is internationally renowned for his scientific work in mathematical physics, in particular for his contributions to general relativity and cosmology. He is the Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at the Mathematical Institute of the University of Oxford, as well as an Emeritus Fellow of Wadham College. Sir Roger Penrose is an English mathematical physicist, recreational mathematician and philosopher.

Roger penrose